Random links

Outdated Laws and Subsidies—How Did It Get So Bad?
Political incentives ... "It happens so slowly and naturally that no one notices. Legislators want to prove that they care about children, seniors, veterans, etc. by creating programs to benefit them. Elected officials are so busy campaigning that they (and their staffs) don't review the statute books to see which programs already exist. They certainly don't check to see which ones are working, and which are not. As a result, each new generation of politicians simply adds another layer of spending and bureaucracy. ... Conversely, there's little or no reward in repealing laws, only the risk of offending people who benefit from the existing programs."
Another good reason to lay off the pop
"Drinking pop has been linked to a long list of ailments, including diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary artery disease and high cholesterol. Now, a new study says it may lead to stroke. ... Too much pop might even kill you. This week, a pathologist testified at an inquest that a New Zealand woman’s excessive Coca-Cola consumption – up to 10 litres a day – likely contributed to her death." I'm still astounded that anyone could drink that much of anything - and wonder if drinking 10 litres of water a day might also be harmful. (Though 8 glasses of water a day is mythical, even drinking 8 glasses a day would give you less than 2 litres of water - basically you'd need to be drinking 40 glasses of liquid to amount to 10 litres).
A Video Game Designed to Treat Depression Worked Better Than Counseling
This study evaluated "a video game they designed to help treat depression in teenage kids against traditional face-to-face counseling. Called SPARX, the game guides the players through a number of challenges that help practice handling various life situations and emotions that come with them."
Bicycle helmet
"Although the link is not causal, it is observed that the countries with the best cycle safety records (Denmark and the Netherlands) have among the lowest levels of helmet use. Their bicycle safety record is generally attributed to public awareness and understanding of cyclists, safety in numbers, education, and cycling infrastructure."

The net effects of mothers in the (paid) workforce

Attempting to counter Democratic rhetoric of a "war on women", Mitt Romney countered that women had lost more jobs under Obama and that that was the true anti-woman approach. (After all, as previously mentioned, when polled, women seem to support the "war on the women" which makes that notion rather unsustainable). There appear to be some substantial problems with Romney's alternate assertion though. As the New York Times Economix blog argues:

Mitt Romney has been saying all along that he wants smaller government. On Tuesday, he added that he was angry that so many women have lost jobs in the last three years. But one thing that happens when you shrink government is that women lose jobs.

The article does also correctly note that due to men typically going into jobs riskier both in terms of physical threat and vulnerability to the economic cycle, more men have lost jobs throughout this recession and in the previous recession. Declining tax revenue then results in a greater percentage of female job losses towards the end of a recession. The article also notes that men seem to be somewhat less picky about the types of jobs that they're willing to work. In a Room For Debate piece on whether Romney still needs to court conservatives one author noted that:

He should continue to focus on encouraging private sector job growth and women's economic empowerment

Are these ideas compatible or contradictory? Given the arguments in favor of free or heavily subsidized daycare, you also have to ask how many of these female employees actually make a net positive contribution to society through their involvement in the paid workforce. Just today I ran across a Globe and Mail article on the increased household expenses of a dual-income family in which both parents where full-time executives. Amongst their lifestyle adjustments the article notes

... a live-in nanny, which they calculate will be cheaper than paying daycare fees for three children.

With executive compensation generally being relatively high, both parents working full-time might produce net positive income, but what percentage of this disappears when accounting for the expense of a full-time nanny? This is one reason why although most stay-at-home moms are in "poor" families that poverty may mean little to nothing to the families' standard of living. Similarly, an increase in GDP from more mothers working outside the home may be meaningless as such calculations would sum up both the mother's employment income and the income paid to those caring for the child rather than accounting for the net impact. What fraction of current female employment amounts to a de-facto subsidy of and incentive to divorce?
Consider the following:

Republicans have gotten the short end of the stick from women in presidential elections since the 1980s partly because the economic interests of women have diverged from those of men. Increases in non-marriage and divorce mean that fewer men and women are pooling their income. The economists Lena Edlund, Laila Haider and Rohini Pande assert that the decline in marriage helps explain why women have become more left-wing in both the United States and in Europe. ... Similarity among women does not imply unanimity. Married women ... are clearly more politically conservative: About 45 percent identify as or lean Republican, compared with 31 percent of single women.

I'm just not sure that there's a politically viable way to reverse that divergence. The closest starter I can think of that might just work would be presumptive joint custody in the event of divorce as such seems to be the key factor as to why women divorce their husbands far more often than vice-versa.

(One of) the book(s) I'm currently reading... Poor Economics

Been gradually making my way through a book recently, but after seeing a review of it recently I figured that I'd post this now. The book's subject: trying to analyze the effectiveness of programs to tackle poverty. It's even got a nice spiffy website to go along with it. The book's subject:

Until Poor Economics appeared last year, the debate about aid had been broadly polarised into two positions. On the left was Jeffrey Sachs, arguing that the single biggest factor keeping poor people poor is poverty. If foreign aid can lift them out of the poverty trap long enough to free them from the disease, ignorance and debt that thwart their potential, then pretty soon they will be able to solve their own problems for themselves. On the right, William Easterly argued that the real problem isn't a poverty trap but aid itself, which creates a dependency culture that keeps the poor poor, and distorts their only real roadmap to prosperity – the free market. As Banerjee saw it, both positions owed more to polemic and conjecture than empirical evidence.

That empirical evidence is what they attempt to provide. What the reviewer found surprising, I'd argue, really shouldn't be something too surprising to anyone:

The surprise for me was the book's striking parallels between poverty in the developing world and in the UK, and its relevance to our attempts to help the poor in Hartlepool or Glasgow. When studied closely, it becomes clear that people who live on less than a dollar a day are not uniquely mysterious, but subject to the very same psychological and behavioural patterns as the rest of us.

You do, of course, need to account for higher average stress levels amongst the poor though and the consequences of that.

More random links

Fourth Wife Flies Free Sale!
"South Africa’s Kulula has a “Fourth Wife Flies Free” offer on its Facebook page. South Africa’s President Jacob Zuma was just again married on Sunday, he now has four wives though this was actually his sixth marriage."
How Much Money You Need To Realistically Recreate The Scrooge McDuck ‘Gold Coin Swim’
It's always important to do the math behind these things...
'Freeman' battles Calgary legal system with lawsuit over homemade licence plate
And here I thought this was only an American thing... apparently Canadians are crazy too.
How to Be a Better Flosser
In case you're curious...

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